Federal disclosure rules
For housing built before 1978, sellers and landlords must:
- Disclose any known lead-based paint and hazards.
- Provide available records and reports.
- Give buyers the EPA pamphlet “Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home.”
- Include a lead warning statement in the contract.
- Give buyers a 10-day opportunity to conduct a lead inspection or risk assessment, unless waived in writing.
Where it is found
- Windows, sills and frames.
- Doors and door frames.
- Stair railings and porches.
- Exterior siding and trim.
- Soil around the house, from exterior paint.
Lead-safe work
The EPA’s Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule requires firms disturbing paint in pre-1978 homes, child care facilities and schools to be certified and follow lead-safe practices: containment, no dry sanding or open-flame burning, and careful cleaning.
For families with young children
Keep surfaces clean with wet methods, wash hands and toys often, and ask your pediatrician about blood lead testing.
Common questions
Does a home inspector test for lead?
Not in a standard inspection. Lead testing is done by certified lead inspectors or risk assessors using XRF analyzers or paint chip samples. In California, they are certified by the Department of Public Health.
Is lead paint dangerous if it is painted over?
Intact paint under good paint is a lower risk. Friction and impact surfaces, such as windows and doors, and peeling paint, generate dust, which is the main exposure route.